Formal Solutions and Factorization of Differential
Operators with Power Series Coefficients
The purpose of this paper is to list the technical ingredients
about local (i.e. over the power series) differential operators
that are needed in [jsc1997c].
Furthermore an efficient algorithm is given for factorization
in the ring of differential operators k((x))[\delta]
where \delta = x d/dx.
This can be used to compute formal solutions more efficiently.
Note: the algorithm in [jsc1997c] uses factorization in
k((x))[\delta] but does not use formal solutions; the
formal solutions are only used to explain the algorithm.
In this paper the following concepts are introduced:
* The coprime index (w.r.t. a valuation) of two elements in
a ring. Coprime index 1 means that the traditional Hensel
lifting can be applied. Higher coprime index means
that lifting becomes more complicated.
* Exponential parts. Note that these resemble normalized
eigenvalues introduced by Ron Sommeling. However, our
treatment of this subject is quite different, it is
based on tools needed for factorization in k((x))[\delta].
* Multiplicities of exponential parts, semi-regular part,
and the relation with factorization and with formal solutions.
For the implementation see the file factor_op in
the diffop
package.
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